n8n-workflow-testing-fundamentals

// Test workflow execution with various inputs
async function testWorkflowExecution(workflowId: string, testCases: TestCase[]) {
  const results: TestResult[] = [];
 
  for (const testCase of testCases) {
    const startTime = Date.now();
 
    // Execute workflow
    const execution = await executeWorkflow(workflowId, testCase.input);
 
    // Wait for completion
    const result = await waitForCompletion(execution.id, testCase.timeout || 30000);
 
    // Validate output
    const outputValid = validateOutput(result.data, testCase.expected);
 
    results.push({
      testCase: testCase.name,
      success: result.status === 'success' && outputValid,
      duration: Date.now() - startTime,
      actualOutput: result.data,
      expectedOutput: testCase.expected
    });
  }
 
  return results;
}
 
// Example test cases
const testCases = [
  {
    name: 'Valid customer data',
    input: { name: 'John Doe', email: 'john@example.com' },
    expected: { processed: true, customerId: /^cust_/ },
    timeout: 10000
  },
  {
    name: 'Missing email',
    input: { name: 'Jane Doe' },
    expected: { error: 'Email required' },
    timeout: 5000
  },
  {
    name: 'Invalid email format',
    input: { name: 'Bob', email: 'not-an-email' },
    expected: { error: 'Invalid email' },
    timeout: 5000
  }
];

// Trace data through workflow nodes
async function validateDataFlow(executionId: string) {
  const execution = await getExecution(executionId);
  const nodeResults = execution.data.resultData.runData;
 
  const dataFlow: DataFlowStep[] = [];
 
  for (const [nodeName, runs] of Object.entries(nodeResults)) {
    for (const run of runs) {
      dataFlow.push({
        node: nodeName,
        input: run.data?.main?.[0]?.[0]?.json || {},
        output: run.data?.main?.[0]?.[0]?.json || {},
        executionTime: run.executionTime,
        status: run.executionStatus
      });
    }
  }
 
  // Validate data transformations
  for (let i = 1; i < dataFlow.length; i++) {
    const prev = dataFlow[i - 1];
    const curr = dataFlow[i];
 
    // Check if expected data passed through
    validateDataMapping(prev.output, curr.input);
  }
 
  return dataFlow;
}
 
// Validate data mapping between nodes
function validateDataMapping(sourceOutput: any, targetInput: any) {
  // Check all required fields are present
  const missingFields: string[] = [];
 
  for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(targetInput)) {
    if (value === undefined && sourceOutput[key] === undefined) {
      missingFields.push(key);
    }
  }
 
  if (missingFields.length > 0) {
    console.warn('Missing fields in data mapping:', missingFields);
  }
 
  return missingFields.length === 0;
}

// Test error handling paths
async function testErrorHandling(workflowId: string) {
  const errorScenarios = [
    {
      name: 'API timeout',
      inject: { delay: 35000 }, // Trigger timeout
      expectedError: 'timeout'
    },
    {
      name: 'Invalid data',
      inject: { invalidField: true },
      expectedError: 'validation'
    },
    {
      name: 'Missing credentials',
      inject: { removeCredentials: true },
      expectedError: 'authentication'
    }
  ];
 
  const results: ErrorTestResult[] = [];
 
  for (const scenario of errorScenarios) {
    // Execute with error injection
    const execution = await executeWithErrorInjection(workflowId, scenario.inject);
 
    // Check error was caught
    const result = await waitForCompletion(execution.id);
 
    // Validate error handling
    results.push({
      scenario: scenario.name,
      errorCaught: result.status === 'failed',
      errorType: result.data?.resultData?.error?.type,
      expectedError: scenario.expectedError,
      errorWorkflowTriggered: await checkErrorWorkflowTriggered(execution.id),
      alertSent: await checkAlertSent(execution.id)
    });
  }
 
  return results;
}
 
// Verify error workflow was triggered
async function checkErrorWorkflowTriggered(executionId: string): Promise<boolean> {
  const errorExecutions = await getExecutions({
    filter: {
      metadata: { errorTriggeredBy: executionId }
    }
  });
 
  return errorExecutions.length > 0;
}

Trigger → Process → Transform → Output

Trigger → IF → [Branch A] → Merge → Output
              → [Branch B] →

Trigger → Split → [Process A] → Merge → Output
                → [Process B] →

Trigger → SplitInBatches → Process → [Loop back until done] → Output

// Generate test data for common n8n patterns
const testDataGenerators = {
  webhook: () => ({
    body: { event: 'test', timestamp: new Date().toISOString() },
    headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
    query: { source: 'test' }
  }),
 
  slack: () => ({
    type: 'message',
    channel: 'C123456',
    user: 'U789012',
    text: 'Test message'
  }),
 
  github: () => ({
    action: 'opened',
    issue: {
      number: 1,
      title: 'Test Issue',
      body: 'Test body'
    },
    repository: {
      full_name: 'test/repo'
    }
  }),
 
  stripe: () => ({
    type: 'payment_intent.succeeded',
    data: {
      object: {
        id: 'pi_test123',
        amount: 1000,
        currency: 'usd'
      }
    }
  })
};

// Common assertions for workflow execution
const workflowAssertions = {
  // Assert workflow completed
  assertCompleted: (execution) => {
    expect(execution.finished).toBe(true);
    expect(execution.status).toBe('success');
  },
 
  // Assert specific node executed
  assertNodeExecuted: (execution, nodeName) => {
    const nodeData = execution.data.resultData.runData[nodeName];
    expect(nodeData).toBeDefined();
    expect(nodeData[0].executionStatus).toBe('success');
  },
 
  // Assert data transformation
  assertDataTransformed: (execution, nodeName, expectedData) => {
    const nodeOutput = execution.data.resultData.runData[nodeName][0].data.main[0][0].json;
    expect(nodeOutput).toMatchObject(expectedData);
  },
 
  // Assert execution time
  assertExecutionTime: (execution, maxMs) => {
    const duration = new Date(execution.stoppedAt) - new Date(execution.startedAt);
    expect(duration).toBeLessThan(maxMs);
  }
};

aqe/n8n/
├── workflows/*          - Cached workflow definitions
├── test-results/*       - Test execution results
├── validations/*        - Validation reports
├── patterns/*           - Discovered testing patterns
└── executions/*         - Execution tracking

// Comprehensive n8n testing with fleet
const n8nFleet = await FleetManager.coordinate({
  strategy: 'n8n-testing',
  agents: [
    'n8n-workflow-executor',  // Execute and validate
    'n8n-node-validator',     // Validate configurations
    'n8n-trigger-test',       // Test triggers
    'n8n-expression-validator', // Validate expressions
    'n8n-integration-test'    // Test integrations
  ],
  topology: 'parallel'
});